Ethiopia’s traditional medicine system — practiced by herbalists, bonesetters, and spiritual healers — is one of the oldest and most comprehensive in the world. Over 800 plant species are used in traditional treatments, with more than 200 specifically documented for medical use.
Key Medicinal Plants
Gesho (Rhamnus prinoides) — Used to brew tej and as a digestive aid. Modern research confirms antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Kosso (Hagenia abyssinica) — A tree native to Ethiopian highlands, traditionally used to treat tapeworm. Still used today. Tenaadam (Ruta chalepensis) — Common rue, used as a digestive and in coffee. Frankincense (Boswellia) — Ethiopia is one of the world’s largest producers. Burned in ceremonies and used medicinally for joint pain and respiratory conditions.
Gesho (Rhamnus prinoides) — Used to brew tej and as a digestive aid. Modern research confirms antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Kosso (Hagenia abyssinica) — A tree native to Ethiopian highlands, traditionally used to treat tapeworm. Still used today. Tenaadam (Ruta chalepensis) — Common rue, used as a digestive and in coffee. Frankincense (Boswellia) — Ethiopia is one of the world’s largest producers. Burned in ceremonies and used medicinally for joint pain and respiratory conditions.
